Background: Several high-precision stereotactic radiation therapy modalities are currently used in clinical settings. We aimed to evaluate whether the CyberKnife (CK) or TrueBeam (TB) radiation treatment systems were more appropriate for treating targets of various morphologies according to the physical properties of each device. Materials and Methods: Spheres (diameter = 5– 50 mm), as well as triangular prisms and cubes (length of a side = 10– 50 mm), were used as virtual targets for each treatment delivery system. A phantom with dosimetry film was irradiated to evaluate the flatness and gradient of the radiation treatment from each modality. Results: The homogeneity index (HI) for the spherical targets was significantly higher (dose distribution was more homogeneous) using the TB than when using the CK (1. 9 vs. 1. 4; p = 0. 002). There were no significant differences between treatment modalities in the HI for more complex shapes. The HI increased monotonically as the virtual target diameter increased for the CK (p = 0. 048). The flatness parameter was lower for the TB than for the CK (1. 4 vs. 1. 1; p < 0. 001). Conclusion: The CK is particularly robust for delivering therapeutic radiation to small targets, while the TB is more suitable for targets with a simple shape or when the HI is a critical treatment factor.

Background: Purpose of the study is to evaluate field-in-field (FIF) and slidingwindow intensity modulated radiation therapy (SW-IMRT) treatment plans in terms of homogeneity index (HI), Conformity index (CI) and normal tissue doses for organs at risk (OAR) in patients with endometrial carcinoma along with deriving a new expression for CI. Materials and Methods: Four different FIF plans with different MLC (multi-leaf collimator) margins and SW-IMRT plan were compared in 20 endometrial cancer patients who underwent adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy with 50. 4 Gy in 28 fractions. Normal tissue doses were assessed for OAR from dose volume histograms (DVHs). HI and CI values were calculated according to the reports of International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU)-83, Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 1993 and ICRU-62. A new CI was developed and named CIOPT standing for optimized Conformity index. Results: SW-IMRT provided a significantly better CI in comparison to other FIF plans (p< 0. 001). Conventional-FIF (C-FIF) was the most homogeneous plan compared to all other FIF plans and SW-IMRT (p≤ 0. 001). The absolute volume of small intestine that received ≥ 45 Gy (V45) and doses received by a 30% volume of rectum (D30) were dramatically reduced in SW-IMRT (p < 0. 001). Conclusion: MLC margins had a substantial influence on OAR doses, HI and CI. A close proximity of CIOPT to 1 indicated that this formulation of CI was a useful plan evaluation tool, which was also compatible with the RTOG 1993 and ICRU-62 reports.

The data of the present article was collected through a randomly classified data collection process, a questionnaire, and a speech completion test; the data, then, was analyzed through the statistical square method. The hypothesis of the present research is that Tehrani dialect is different from other Persian dialects (Isfahani, Shirazi, Mashadi, and Lori dialect) regarding its vocalic Conformity. The conclusion of the research  is that in addition to intra-linguistic and linguistics-related factors,  the following extra-linguistic factors also affect the use of vocalic Conformity: the frequency of occurrence of the linguistic element, prestige, exposure to mass media, formality or informality of the context, and whether the intended dialect is learnt as the second language or not. The final conclusion is that linguistic and linguistics-related realities should be taken as effects rather than factors. 

Background and objectives: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most common mononeuropathy encountered in clinical practice. Conventional electro diagnosis studies have been useful in the diagnosis of this condition. The Terminal Latency index (TLI) is a derived neurophysiological value that adjusts the Distal motor Latency (DL) for the terminal distance and motor nerve Conduction Velocity (CV).Several studies have suggested utility of the median TLI for diagnosis of CTS.The goal of this study is to evaluate prospectively the sensitivity of the median TLI in the diagnosis of CTS and compare it with other electrodiagnosis techniques.Material and Methods: This study was done on 111 patients as CTS group & 62 healthy subject as control group. In all groups five selected tests of electrodiagnosis were done and all of them were compared with TLI sensitivity.Results: The mean TLI was 0.3±0.05 in the CTS group and 0.42±0.03 in the control group. The sensitivity of TLI was 73% The TLI wasn't statistically better than the other tests, but in three cases from the CTS group, the TLI was the only abnormal test.The 7 and 14 cm method had meaningful sensitivity in contrary to other tests.Conclusion: The sensitivity of TLI has no meaningful difference with other routine electro diagnostic tests in diagnosis of CTS.The median TLI is a useful but not more sensitive electrodiagnostic test for CTS.

Introduction: Three methods of OCRA index, Strain index (SI), and ACGIH HAL have been proposed for the assessment of risk factors of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. Investigating the correlation and consistency of these three methods are of prominence importance in the workplaces. Thus, this study aimed to determine the correlations of the results of the above mentioned methods. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 150 tasks were studied in four industries. For each task, a video taping of a full working cycle was prepared and evaluated according to the instructions of each method. The level of risk exposure to musculoskeletal disorders was analyzed with correlation and Kappa agreement coefficient tests using SPSS (version 16) and R software packages.Results: The correlation between the results of risk assessments of OCRA and SI methods for right and left hands were acceptable and equal to 0.751 and 0.726, respectively (p<0.001). Meanwhile, the coefficients of agreement between OCRA and HAL methods for left and right hands were 0.526 and 0.595, respectively.Conclusion: These findings partly confirmed the agreement between the methods of risk assessment. The origin of this partial agreement can be the number and type of variables and their impacts on the final score of the methods.

Mysticism is one of the best ways to recognize reality in all the religions. On the other hand, cyberneticsis also a method by means of which one can achieve the reality of the cosmos. Though the age of mysticism is apparently older than cybernetics, mystics, too, has enjoyed this science individually and internally to control their mind and thinking without being aware of such a science or using its name. By identifying the common elements existing between these two methods, human being will be able to change his life with love and creativity so much that it could conform with the symphonic wave of the universe and elevate him to the highest grade of humanity. Common elements such as monism, cognition, introspection, mystical journey and manner, and internal intuition that in both methods have been the basis of purification and refinery of one's soul and sanitize humanity from egotism and selfishness in a way that the world and universe is seen as one thing to be in his favor with him. In order to achieve an accurate Conformity of mysticism with cybernetics it is necessary to study the main principles through the two methods. The most important principle and focal point of mysticism in all religions is monism. This matter has got a pivotal place in cybernetics because in quantum physics that is the infrastructure of that, the basis is monism in the umverse.

Introduction: J.E.Hirsch introduced H index to scientometric domain, representing actual scientific profitability quality of a researcher’s publications; and is equal to effective index for researchers. Literature review: Studies showed that documents database have provided different H scores for each researcher and for different scientific fields. Despite the utmost advantages of H-index it also have some flaws such as need to use complementary indices such as m, r, g index. Conclusions: The strength point of H index, is its ability to use in limited levels which is an complementary for other bibliomeetric exist indexes. This index, with others, could be a suit index to improvement scientific levels for researchers, scientist, and scientific board members.